11 everyday things that affect men and women surprisingly very differently

Thanks to their smaller size and higher body fat percentage, women are generally affected by alcohol faster and after fewer drinks than men (not to mention that too much alcohol can up women’s risk of breast cancer). But it’s men’s brains that are affected most by long-term drinking, according to a study presented at the annual meeting of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Researchers found that men experienced significant electrical and chemical changes in their brains, especially in a key neurotransmitter that is responsible for calming and inhibiting, that women did not. (Although both groups of heavy drinkers showed problematic brain changes, so don’t see this as permission to binge drink, ladies!)

Bad news for the fairer sex: women are far more likely to experience chronic pain than men, and to add insult to injury (literally), they need more pain medication to feel relief. Female brains show more neural activity in the pain regions of the brain than male brains, which may explain why women need twice as much morphine as men typically do, according to a study published in the Journal of Neuroscience.

Read on for the medication mistakes that are hurting your health.

When it comes to physical fitness men definitely have the edge, thanks to their larger lungs and heart and their higher muscle mass. But even though women may not be able to out-lift or out-run the men, they may reap more health benefits from both cardiovascular exercise (like running) and high-intensity interval training sessions (like sprinting alternated with jogging), according to two new studies. Females showed more improvements in heart-health markers than males did and the changes seemed to last longer. However, a third study found that men are more likely to be physically active over the course of their lives than women.

Gambling used to be seen as a manly activity with women stuck in the bingo hall or blowing on dice, but that old stereotype is no longer true. These days men and women engage in gambling in roughly equal numbers and are equally likely to become addicted. But the genders split when it comes to how they manifest their addiction, according to research published in the Journal of Gambling Studies. Men are more likely to be angry and take their feelings out on machines or other people while women are more likely to internalise their sadness, making them at a higher risk for depression.

Women aren’t just being drama queens when they haul out their sweaters in movie theatres, restaurants, and offices during the height of summer. Ladies are legitimately chilled as they are physiologically more sensitive to cold air, like that from aggressive air conditioning, than men are. Women’s core body temperatures are slightly higher than men’s but their extremities are colder, by about three degrees, and they feel cold faster than men do, according to several research studies. So men, the next time you head out to a movie with your partner share the love – and the warmth! – by holding her hands or putting your arm around her (not that you needed an excuse to do that!).

The old stereotype of a woman holding up paint chips for consideration only to have the man reply that they all look the same to him may be more fact than fiction, according to a study that found that male brains are less able to discriminate between shades of colours, particularly those in the middle of the spectrum. Not only do women see colour differences better but they’re also more likely to see colour at all as men are five times more likely to be partially or fully colour blind, according to a second study. Still stymied by what colour to pain your walls?

Find out how to pick a paint finish here.

There may be another reason besides testosterone-heavy fight scenes that make many men gravitate towards action movies – they may actually be able to see them better. Male brains showed significantly greater sensitivity to fine detail and a heightened ability to process rapidly moving stimuli (two core features of action movies), according to a study published in The Biology of Sex Differences. The researchers chalk it up to the fact that throughout human history men were typically hunters, so being able to spot subtle differences and track movements were survival skills. (Although thanks to women’s superior language processing skills, they’ll be able to recall the most memorable movie quotes later on when you’re remembering the fun!)

These are the 10 favourite movies voted by you.

File this under depressing but true: Men are five and a half times more likely to lose their hearing than women, according to a study done by Johns Hopkins University. Though the researchers noted that this may not be as much from biological differences as from men being more likely to work jobs in very noisy environments without proper protection. The downside is that men need hearing aids more often and at an earlier age than most women. But, hey, at least the gents can get a solid night’s sleep, unbothered by noisy neighbours or feral cats!

What is that smell? is a common refrain among women, much to the amusement of their male partners. But it’s not just that the men are being manly and pretending to not be bothered by foul odours, it’s that they’re less likely to actually smell them. Female brains have an average of 43 per cent more cells and almost 50 per cent more neurons in their olfactory centres (the part dedicated to smelling and odours) than male brains do, according to a study published in PLoS ONE. Maybe that’s why the mum usually catches the dirty nappies first?

Find out what dogs can smell that humans can’t.

Every day people have to make dozens of moral choices: do you fudge the truth about your role in a big work project or be factual? Should you pay for the spaghetti sauce the cashier forgot to ring up or enjoy your free dinner? Most of the time these decisions happen automatically, based on each person’s moral code. But when it comes to moral decisions that require some sacrifice – think torturing a terrorist to get information about a bombing plan – men are more likely to accept harm for the sake of the greater good, says a study published by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. To put it bluntly, women are more worried about the means to the end, while men are more concerned with the end result.

How do you make those tough life decisions? Read on to find out.